Addressing Global Inequality- Can We Succeed?
How well has the World Bank Group incorporated the shared prosperity goal into its various products and services, across regions, global practices and World Bank Group institutions?
How well has the World Bank Group incorporated the shared prosperity goal into its various products and services, across regions, global practices and World Bank Group institutions?
By: Caroline HeiderAuguste T. KouaméJust last week leaders from all walks of life met at the World Economic Forum in Davos. As they started their meeting, a new report by Oxfam revealed that that four out of five dollars in economic gains made in 2017 had gone to the richest 1%. Against this context, it was fitting that organizers highlighted concerns about inequality in the theme for this year’s forum – creating a shared future in a fractured world. And indeed, during many of the discussions held over the course of the forum, policy makers and business leaders focused on how to address growing inequality and ensure greater inclusion.
The fact that world leaders are discussing inequality should draw attention to the importance and urgency with which this issue needs to be addressed. Given that we are operating in extremely unfavorable conditions, it will take extraordinary efforts to turn trends around. It is alarming that in a year like 2017, when at least a notional commitment existed to increasing inclusion, we witnessed a further concentration of capital among the richest in this world.
Part of what needs to happen is a better understanding of how and under what conditions World Bank Group strategies and projects lead to improved shared prosperity outcomes in client countries. IEG, found for example, that while three-quarters of World Bank projects mention the shared prosperity goal, a much smaller share have a well-defined approach on how they will contribute to the goal. Success will require strong analytical underpinnings, more frequent, better quality and comparable distributional data to enable rigorous analysis of distributional effects.
Since 2013, the World Bank Group has prioritized boosting share prosperity alongside reducing extreme poverty as its twin goals. The World Bank Group’s Goal of shared prosperity is officially defined as growth of income of the bottom 40 percent of the population in every country. The basic idea is that growth should be more inclusive: it should benefit not just the rich but also the middle class, the bottom 40 percent, and the poor, in particular. Such inclusive growth and related policies, therefore, contribute to lower inequality than would otherwise be the case.
At IEG, we have evaluated how the World Bank Group Institutions – IBRD, IDA, IFC and MIGA – are pursuing these goals and to identify where they are well on track. In addition, we have recommended measures to enhance the World Bank Group's development effectiveness and success by 2030. For more on IEG’s evaluation work, read our previous blog on poverty. You can also download our most recent evaluation of the World Bank Group’s support for building shared prosperity.
In this and upcoming blogs under a new series, we will explore some of the lessons we have gleaned from evaluating the World Bank Group’s work on poverty and shared prosperity. Overall, the Bank Group has made a significant effort to incorporate the shared prosperity goal into its various products and services, across regions, global practices and World Bank Group institutions, and it plays an important convening role in championing the shared prosperity agenda in its global, regional and country level engagements.
However, significant further effort is needed in several areas. Lessons from the pre-2013 period suggest that an increased focus on distributional issues in the World Bank's lending projects does not automatically lead to improved development outcomes. This implies that continued attention will be needed to ensure success of the new shared prosperity agenda.
Part of what needs to happen is a better understanding of how and under what conditions World Bank Group strategies and projects lead to improved shared prosperity outcomes in client countries. IEG, found for example, that while three-quarters of World Bank projects mention the shared prosperity goal, a much smaller share have a well-defined approach on how they will contribute to the goal. Success will require strong analytical underpinnings, more frequent, better quality and comparable distributional data to enable rigorous analysis of distributional effects.
In addition, the Bank Group needs to scale up its work across the multiple pathways toward shared prosperity, for instance by supporting equitable and sustainable macroeconomic policies, promoting well-functioning markets, facilitating public and private transfers, and promoting fair and transparent institutions in its client countries. And given the constraints on public and international official financing, success will depend in part on the ongoing drive to leverage private finance to support poverty reduction and shared prosperity in low- and middle-income countries.
As Prof Schwab said in his opening remarks, we continue to be in a period of heightened social discontent. It is inconceivable that we can achieve much needed greater sustainable economic prosperity and social stability without greater economic inclusion and less extreme inequality. The World Bank Group is making a concerted effort, but cannot succeed unless there is a larger global commitment and leveraging of public with private financing for development to transform goals and commitments into concrete actions.
Comments
I think this Polices…
I think this Polices economical development, could be implemented in those Countries where is no Conflict-problems(See as it is in my City of Brava of Somalia, poor people are living in very-very difficult situation "while the Government of Somalia is in the Stage of building its self , trying first cleaning Mogadishu from the so called Terrorists" No-one could go and see the Healthcare facilities "Not existing" people are dying with so simple & easily treatable Disease and the Security Instability is there and innocent people are killed from time to time;
Only then could be possible reaching World Bank Group's Staff and Development Policy implementation then).
Therefore let us organize helping in somehow, helping Population even if these places are suffering of the Conflicts & Diseases consequences : It's needed helping for Peace-building peacefully between the Governments and the so called terrorists "I think also the World Bank Group could give its positive support, contribution & following-up, considering in Africa it's important solving the conflicts first, only then could be acted for the Country Development Programs in its different camps.
What I like to say here is: let us organize Country Senior Intellectuals with Adult Religious Actors, to be engaged in Peace-building Processes, otherwise there will be no-building Peace, no-development which means not-helping these population "But We All know that We cannot leave them like that suffering in that unacceptable situation, some thing should be done and needed positive actions should be taken also by the World Bank Group".
Dear Esteemed Professor of…
Dear Esteemed Professor of WORLD BANK,
How can we give or much less make a bit of a distribution of high Incomes & high GDP to the Poorer middle classes or lower middle income classes or even poverished .struggling poor , absolutely poor sections of farmers ,steeped in debts & with importune DEMONETISATION OF INDIA CURRENCY OF RS 500 & RS 1000 .. by the Ruling Government , jobless millions of rural .urban , as well as RURBAN POOR, wage Jobs disappearing with Automation technology .replacing them as minders unskilled labour ..defenitely poor paid., and GST hastilely brought about with a eye on Vote bank in 2019 , how can anybody bring about even a 1or 5 % shared gains to 95 % MAJORITY OF POOR 1 .4 BILLON Indians .caught up in 2016-18 compulsor policies brought in name of eradicating black money , already siphoned off in Bit coins && in Crpto currency ..It looks improbable , thankless TASK , for the WORLD BANK to attempt to tilt the scales in favour of poor & middle classes .worst affected & lost lIVES in this so called RATIONALISAATION of the Indian economy ..which can be best left on Its own , because , India is coasting a bad THIRD GLOBALISATION PHASE OF OPEN / MARKET BASED DEVELOPMENT , in the hands of a young iexperienced Government t
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