This report was prepared by an Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) team led by Raghavan Narayanan, senior evaluation officer, and Victoria Alexeeva, evaluation officer, and was conducted under the guidance and supervision of Marialisa Motta, manager; Carmen Nonay, director; and Alison M. Evans, former Director-General, Evaluation. At the time of the Committee on Development Effectiveness meeting, the team was led by Ramachandra Jammi, senior evaluation officer, and the acting Director-General was Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez.

The core evaluation team included Joy Kaarina Butscher, evaluation officer; Hiroaki Kambe, evaluation officer; Sanittawan Nikki Tan, extended-term consultant; Amshika Amar, Maria Shkaratan, and Tao Tao, consultants; and, during the Approach Paper stage, Ihsan Kaler Hurcan, consultant. Subject matter expert Philippe Benoit advised the team. The team was supported by the methods advisory group of Jozef Vaessen, adviser; Estelle Raimondo, senior evaluation officer; Ariya Hagh, extended-term consultant; and Lauren Kelly and Andrew Stone, technical leads. During the Approach Paper stage, the team was supported by Zeljko Bogetic, lead economist. The country case studies were authored by Nana Sika Ababio (Uzbekistan), Amshika Amar (India, Rwanda), Wasiq Ismail (the Arab Republic of Egypt), and Maria Shkaratan (Ghana, Indonesia; synthesis of all case studies). Dominik Naeher, consultant, and Virginia Ziulu, data scientist, prepared impact assessments of energy efficiency projects in Malawi and Mexico. Nikki Tan conducted a structured literature review. The report benefited from the IEG evaluation insight note on transport decarbonization led by Elisabeth Goller, senior evaluation officer, and portfolio-related contributions from Unurjargal Demberel, evaluation officer; Kavita Mathur, evaluation officer; Mari Noelle Lantin Roquiz, technical specialist; and Ridwan Bolaji Bello and Ebru Karamete, evaluation analysts. Emelda Cudilla and Romayne Pereira, program assistants, provided administrative support. Aarre Laakso, consultant, assisted with developmental and line editing.

External subject matter experts served as peer reviewers: Kofi Agyarko, director of Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Climate Change, Energy Commission, Ghana; Barry Bredenkamp, general manager, South African National Energy Development Institute; Daniel Kammen, distinguished professor of energy, University of California, Berkeley; and Melanie Slade, senior manager, energy efficiency, International Energy Agency.

IEG is grateful to the global experts and representatives of country governments, private sector entities, international and bilateral development organizations, and academia who responded to questions and participated in interviews as part of the evaluation process. Consultations and interviews were also carried out with multiple World Bank Group staff members and managers across various Global Practices and industry groups. IEG greatly appreciates the support that country units provided for conducting virtual missions for the case studies. The IEG team also acknowledges the inputs on the Energy Sector Management Assistance Program provided by Jessica Kyle and Anne-Marie Verbeken of ICF International.

The team offers special thanks to Carolyn Fischer, research manager; Vivien Foster, chief economist; Aart C. Kraay, deputy chief economist and director of development policy; Demetrios Papathanasiou, global director; and Jevgenijs Steinbuks, senior economist, for their comments on various energy efficiency–related concepts and inputs to working papers. World Bank Group staff bear no responsibility for this evaluation’s content.