This report was prepared by an Independent Evaluation Group team led by Lauren Kelly (lead evaluation officer) and Joy Butscher (evaluation officer), under the guidance of Penelope Jackson (manager, Planet), Carmen Nonay (director, Finance, Private Sector, Infrastructure, and Sustainable Development), and Sabine Bernabè (Director General, Evaluation). The core evaluation team included Ugo Amoretti (senior evaluation officer), Iren Bagdasarian (consultant), Unurjargal Demberel (evaluation officer), Christian Mather Freymeyer (consultant), Josh Fuchs (consultant), Azada Hussaini (evaluation officer), Cecil Philip John (data scientist, consultant), Xiaoyi Lu (extended-term consultant), Nina Rinnerberger (senior evaluation officer), and Gabriel Sandstrom Stephan (consultant). Sally Diana Reay Johnson (consultant) led the biodiversity offsets analyses. The marine and coastal analysis was conducted by Steve Fletcher and Antaya March (senior consultants). The Global Land Alliance—consisting of team members Malcolm Childress (executive director), Christen Corcoran (associate director), Gabriela Eklund (technical director), and Christina Kuntz (associate)—performed the land governance analyses, and Stephanie Keene (senior consultant) performed the safeguard policies and Environmental and Social Framework review for the portfolio of conservation-focused activities. Ashwin Bhouraskar (consultant) and Tobias Fast (strategy officer) conducted the review of Country Climate and Development Reports. Estelle Raimondo (head of Methods) provided overall methods guidance. Harsh Anuj (data scientist) conducted the AI-assisted portfolio screening. Virginia Ziulu (data scientist) of the Methods Advisory Function led the geospatial analysis, together with Benny Istanto and Min Jaegal from the Development Economics Vice Presidency. Jeffrey Pagel (geospatial consultant) conducted the geographic representativeness and Indigenous Peoples territories analyses.

Case studies were conducted by the following team members: for Brazil, Ugo Amoretti, Unurjargal Demberel, and John Redwood III (senior environment consultant); for Côte d’Ivoire, Lauren Kelly, Christian Mather Freymeyer, and Gabriel Sandstrom Stephan; for Ecuador, Iren Bagdasarian, Unurjargal Demberel, and Edward Willsteed (senior fisheries consultant); for Mozambique, Azada Hussaini and John Redwood III; for Peru, Iren Bagdasarian and Edward Willsteed; for Viet Nam, Kevin Crockford (senior agriculture consultant) and Xiaoyi Lu. Jean-Jacques Alain Ildevert Ahouansou, Emelda Cudilla, and Romayne Pereira provided program support.

The report was peer-reviewed by David Kaimowitz, chief program officer at the International Land and Forest Tenure Facility, formerly the manager of the Forest and Farm Facility at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the director of Natural Resources and Climate Change at the Ford Foundation, and the director general of the Center for International Forestry Research, and by Balakrishna Pisupati, head of the Biodiversity, Land and Governance Programme in the United Nations Environment Programme’s Division of Environmental Law and Conventions.